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Author Topic: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
Tom Alan
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 115
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Post Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 3, 2012, 09:27
Quote

From Huff Post Religion

Blog of writer on Buddhism, Lewis Richmond

BUDDHISM AND MEDITATION: WHY MOST BUDDHISTS IN THE WORLD DON'T MEDITATE

“It may be a surprise to many Americans, and even to American Buddhists, to hear that the vast majority of the world's Buddhists do not meditate. But it is true. Among the 250 million or so Buddhists alive today, only a tiny fraction have a regular meditation practice; ; this is true not just for Buddhist laypeople but even for many of the Buddhist monks, nuns, and priests in the various Asian countries where Buddhism is the main religion. Were things different in the past? Yes, there were times and places where millions of monks and nuns lived and practiced in monasteries where meditation was the norm, but the West's assumption that Buddhism and meditation are one and the same is a selective understanding. There is much more to Buddhism than meditation. Meditation is only one branch of the eight-fold path taught by the Buddha--a path which includes ethical teachings, intellectual study, and transformation of personality and character through wholesome attitudes and deeds.”

Candol
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 717
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 3, 2012, 21:37
Quote

Yes Owen Flanagan made this point on the podcast somewhere. Perhaps he was citing this person. But he had also spent time in Tibetan monasteries in india and so could have seen for himself. He noted that most tibetan monks only meditated for about 5 minutes a day.

Even so, i think it is the case that meditaiton if you are keen to follow the buddha's path is essentialy to being a buddhist.

if you don't meditate, your being a buddhist must be akin to a christian who doesn't pray daily. I think its in these "contemplative" practices where the real impact of religion is felt. the rest is just social.

I was talking my hairdresser about buddhims the other day. She is thai. She doesn't meditate but as a country girl was brought up with values of buddhism. One of them is the suppression of anger. There seems to be a very big emphasis on this in buddhist cultures and this could account for the obvious difference in the peoples of east and west. or buddhist cultures and christian cultures. Because in our culture there anger in some quarters is encouraged but there is certainly no teaching against it in christianity. Indeed all the hellfire and brimstone preachers of the past enjoyed expressing anger.

Therefore i think this take on anger in buddhism is something very useful and warrants more consideration by all western institutions.

kirkmc
Warming up
Posts: 35
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 4, 2012, 04:23
Quote

Flannagan mentions it in his book. This isn't news; if you know anything about how Buddhism is practiced around the world, you're aware that most of it is purely devotional.

Doug Smith
Administrator
Posts: 340
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Doug Smith
Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 4, 2012, 04:37
Quote

Quote from Candol on May 3, 2012, 21:37She doesn't meditate but as a country girl was brought up with values of buddhism. One of them is the suppression of anger. There seems to be a very big emphasis on this in buddhist cultures and this could account for the obvious difference in the peoples of east and west. or buddhist cultures and christian cultures. Because in our culture there anger in some quarters is encouraged but there is certainly no teaching against it in christianity. Indeed all the hellfire and brimstone preachers of the past enjoyed expressing anger.

Therefore i think this take on anger in buddhism is something very useful and warrants more consideration by all western institutions.

That's a very interesting anecdote, Candol. I agree that the extinction of anger is a good thing, and that it seems better understood (e.g. as one of the three poisons) in Buddhism as compared to the west. But suppression is not the proper strategy. While suppressing emotions like anger can be effective for a short period, in the medium or longer term it is ineffective and even can be counterproductive. Emotions suppressed usually find other means of expressing themselves.

What I find fascinating and liberating about meditative practice is that it provides a strategy for acknowledging and understanding anger in a way that it can be properly extinguished. The meditation is itself essential. I don't believe one can really think oneself out of anger any more than one can suppress it effectively. So maybe you should suggest to her some meditation!

Candol
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 717
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 4, 2012, 05:52
Quote

Doug, i had to use the word suppression there because i don't know exactly how its taught to the kids in say thailand. I suspect it is suppression. I know that to deal with anger in buddhism correctly is not to suppress it but to prevent its arising or to make it fade by letting go or enabling it to dissolve.

But we didn't discuss how anger is taught as a bad thing in any detail. But i can't see how else one might teach a child not to express anger. Perhaps the wise parents do show a child a perspective on teh problem taht enables them to not be angry but i doubt taht all parents are so wise.

Anger is also much reviled in india. That's one reason why frustrated foreign tourists who show their anger lose respect. Yes of course indians do get angry but when you go out into the countryside and mingle with villagers, you don't see too much anger and they often manage not to display it with foreigners who are being painful also.

Yes we westerners have let our anger too loose and we are not taught how to control it. Perhaps control was the word i should have used above. Its one thing to feel anger but another to express it.

Its especially tricky in mental health circles because depression often expresses itself as irritation and anger. And i know from my own experience that its often completely irrational the way one is angry or irritated and so in such a situation, controlling the expression of it is particularly difficult. What does one do? Lock yourself in a room until you think the mood has passed? For women PMT is another time when anger is out of control.

Apart from my own experiences, i speak to many others who talk about how angry they are and they talk about it like they don't know where its coming from and can't control it and it dismays them. I think in such siuations more than meditation and mindfulness might be needed. But it would be interesting if there were any trainings and studies done on it.

Dana-
Nourie
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Dana Nourie
Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 4, 2012, 09:20
Quote

I agree suppression of an emotion is never good! Furthermore, I'd be really careful making assumptions about how any part of Buddhism is taught in other cultures.

As from my own experience, in my family I was taught to suppress "negative" emotions, and Buddhism has been the most awesome thing ever in helping me come face to face and be with my emotions, and learn to express them productively.

That said I took a similar tact naturally with my own children by teaching them it's ok to be angry, it's ok to be furious, but take a close look to see what's going on there. I didn't quite have good enough understanding then as I do now, but my parenting hasn't finished even though they are grown:-)

My point is kids can be taught to be with and express their emotions in healthy ways, in what we would call Buddhist ways without suppressing.

Anger never disappears completely. Even Buddha got angry. But it's a fleeting thing. It arises, you see it, then you shift gears into a more productive way of dealing with the situation. That in and of itself dissolves anger.

I think it's either a misunderstanding or a myth that Buddha was without emotion. I've read suttas where his annoyance was apparent, but he calmly goes into make a point without giving into unproductive behaviors such as yelling, swearing, hitting, etc. Though he does call at least one man a fool. lol.

Where I used to avoid my anger and stuff it, now I find it fascinating to work with. Anger arises in a big way, I recognize it, and then I immediately go into, oh what creative ways can I come up with to resolve this problem without giving into yelling, without telling someone they're a blithering idiot. In doing that, trying to find creative ways of expressing my anger, I find the anger soon just dissolves on it's own. But suppressing anger causes it to fester, causes thought stories to build and build until one explodes.

I do find generally irritation harder to work with than anger, as it's more subtle, justifications for it seem more powerful.

Calm people are not without anger and they aren't suppressing it. They've learned to redirect that energy into a new ways of solving problems.

Dana Nourie
All Around Geek Girl

Doug Smith
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Posts: 340
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Doug Smith
Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 4, 2012, 09:28
Quote

I agree, Dana.

Quote from Dana Nourie on May 4, 2012, 09:20
Anger never disappears completely. Even Buddha got angry. But it's a fleeting thing. It arises, you see it, then you shift gears into a more productive way of dealing with the situation. That in and of itself dissolves anger.

Yes. I think a lot of the received wisdom about Siddhartha Gautama comes through a hagiographic lens. He was an ordinary person. Maybe unusual in his insight and wisdom, but ordinary and imperfect nonetheless.

Candol
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 717
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 7, 2012, 06:15
Quote

DAna, i don't know any more than you do whether or not the buddha was angry. There can be a difference between feeling anger and expressing it. One could suppose that the buddha was only expressing it and not feeling it. Just as in the case taht i mentioned recently about how when the dalai lama was asked what one should do if faced with hitler before he went ahead and killed lots of people. The point being you can fake anger for effect. Perhaps that's what the buddha did.

re my assumption about suppression of anger in thailand. Well i think its quite sophisticated teaching to for rural bareley educated parents to teach their kids to let go anger rather than suppress so i think its a pretty safe thing to assume that what happens in places like thailand is suppression of anger.

I can't really picture how such people would be able to teach their kids any other way. How do you imagine they could teach their kids any other way. I can easily imagine how if a child is having a tantrum that the parent would soothe it or if a teenager expresses some anger that the mother would indicate that the child should not express it. I can imagine how the children have grown up watching their parents suppress anger. I can't imagine that if they haven't learnt how to meditate and let go of things, that they could come to this insightful behaviour. Can you?

Yes it seems they went to temples to listen to the monks but i understand that the monks in thailand were not actually well educated themselves. (I only learned this recently on the santi monastery website).

mufi
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 463
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 7, 2012, 09:27
Quote

I've long assumed that expressing my anger is better than holding it in, but more recently I've read that that's a myth; for example, as this book review (http://www.amazon.com/Great-Myths-Popular-Psychology-Misconceptions/dp/1405131128) put it:

...more than 40 years of research reveals that expressing anger directly toward another person or indirectly (such as toward an object) actually turns up the heat on aggression (Bushman, Baumeister, & Stack, 1999; Tavris, 1988). Research suggests that expressing anger is helpful only when it’s accompanied by constructive problem-solving designed to address the source of the anger (Littrell, 1998).

Why is this myth so popular? In all likelihood, people often mistakenly attribute the fact that they feel better after they express anger to catharsis, rather than to the fact that anger usually subsides on its own after awhile (Lohr, Olatunji, Baumeister, & Bushman, 2007).

That last statement reminds me somewhat of the Buddhist concepts of impermanence and non-self; i.e. that, like all thoughts and emotions, these are just passing through.

What's more, insofar as it's true that anger expression leads to negative consequences, then it seems wise indeed to keep a tight rein on anger.

On the other hand, a moral sentimentalist (in the Humean sense) like myself is by no means ready to concede to the notion (Buddhist or otherwise) that anger is an evil impulse that we are always obliged to suppress. The question, then, for me is: How best to channel anger constructively (e.g. non-violently and in ways that ultimately alleviate pain & suffering)?

Dana-
Nourie
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Dana Nourie
Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 7, 2012, 10:02
Quote

The key is expressing it productively, not aggressively. That usually means while you're alone, not with at someone. The important thing is that we allow ourselves to be with the anger, get out of the story our heads create, and allow the anger to move through as it will until it dissipates. This is a fascinating process if you take the time to really sit and be with it.

This is very different than expressing it to someone, yelling, or saying something mean. It stead you see how it feels in the body, what parts it effects, how it moves, while staying out of your head. Thoughts feed anger, and when you see how that process works, you can stop it before it goes too far. Once you get caught up in thoughts, it's like being stuck on a marry go round.

Dana Nourie
All Around Geek Girl

mufi
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 463
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 7, 2012, 11:43
Quote

Dana: That's very well put.

But (at the risk of sounding anxious) here's my concern: What if these anger-management techniques render us so dispassionate that we feel no motivation to, say, challenge injustice and falsehood?

This moral concern is rooted not only in modern Western sentimentalist philosophy (like that of Hume), but is also in contemporary moral psychology and neuroscience (e.g. the work of Antonio Damasio comes to mind here, in particular the correlations that he and other cognitive scientists have observed between emotional deficits, brain abnormalities, and sociopathic, machiavellian, and narcissistic personality disorders).

In other words, far from being inherently evil impulses, our "passions" appear to be necessary role players in our moral thoughts and actions (which is not to suggest that any and all expressions of those passions result in morally praiseworthy consequences).

That said, perhaps I need to read some more Thich Nhat Hanh and other advocates of "Engaged Buddhism", as they seem to have found ways "to apply the insights from meditation practice and dharma teachings to situations of social, political, environmental, and economic suffering and injustice" (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engaged_Buddhism).

Candol
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 717
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 7, 2012, 19:12
Quote

Mufi i think the idea that expressing anger was better than suppressing it came from our western tradition in therapy. I believe it was meant specifically for certain types of people who were too afraid to express anger and so held it in. I particularly think its pertinent when such people were being abused by others more powerful than themselves and were unable to respond effectively. Anger would have been an appropriate response but they were so afraid they could not respond in anyway and so the abuse continued.

A lot of people are too afraid and too insecure to stand up for themselves. Its for these people that the notion of expressing anger is good. It should never have been the notion that it is good for everyone to express anger since so many of us have no trouble at all in letting it out and let it out too often.

Its unfortunate that the message got confused and became expressing anger is better than holding it in.

Peter K
Grasshopper
Posts: 12
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 8, 2012, 13:34
Quote

Candol: "Because in our culture there anger in some quarters is encouraged but there is certainly no teaching against it in christianity."

Do people who criticize Christianity ever read any of the source texts?

From the New Testament:

"In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry" Ephesians 4:26

"Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, along with all malice." Ephesians 4:31

"But now you must put them all away: anger, wrath, malice, slander, and obscene talk from your mouth." Colossians 3:8

for man's anger does not bring about the righteous life that God desires." James 1:20

"Know this, my beloved brothers: let every person be quick to hear, slow to speak, slow to anger" James 1:19

We live in an old chaos of the sun...
Deer walk upon our mountains, and quail
Whistle about us their spontaneous cries;
Sweet berries ripen in the wilderness...

Candol
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 717
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 9, 2012, 05:44
Quote

well know i never spent much time reading the bible but i went to church every sunday and to chapel several times a week and we were never taught anything against anger. And as i said, there have been plenty of preachers who loved to express their anger at their congregation and exact it on children in their care in teh case of church schools and other institutions.

Dana-
Nourie
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Dana Nourie
Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 9, 2012, 08:36
Quote

Candol, your own experience is not necessarily the experience of others though, and you made a sweeping generalization about Christians as a whole. Some churches do teach the anger is not appropriate, as do some Christian parents. And many do not.

I was told repeatedly that Jesus didn't like anger. I don't know whether that is true or not, and I don't really care any more.

My point being, you've made some generalizations about groups of people or cultures, and we should be careful of such stereotypes. Just a thought.

Christian upbringing differs greatly. Heck, there are thousands of denominations, all of which teach Christianity differently. To compound things for them the bible is full of contradictions.

And as Peter points out, there is text that addresses anger as an negative expression of emotion, while there is also plenty of rage being expressed in the Bible.

On anger, you really have to go on a person by person basis.

Dana Nourie
All Around Geek Girl

Teresita
Grasshopper
Posts: 2
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Teresita
Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 12, 2012, 08:26
Quote

I just found this forum today; great! On the subject of violence and learning how to deal with it, I would like to share a book that I am now reading called Nonviolent Communication: A Language of Life by Marshall B Rosenberg, Ph.D. This book is the basis for the theory of nonviolent communication (NVC) otherwise known as Compassionate Communication, and has a helpful section on dealing with anger. To quote Dr. Rosenberg, "We are never angry because of what someone else did.We can identify the other person's behavior as the stimulus, but it is important to establish a clear separation between stimulus and cause" (p.142). HE goes on to explain that in expressing anger (not suppressing it) one should realize that it is not caused by what others do but how we think, and anger is often flamed by our blaming others and formulated in our learned thinking habits. "Rather than going up to our head to make mental analysis of wrongness in somebody, we choose to connect to the life that is within us...Focusing on our needs and feelings, the choice is ours at any moment to shine the light of consciousness on the other person's feelings and needs...we are not repressing the anger; we see how anger is simply absent in each moment that we are fully present with the other person's feelings and needs"(p.143-144). To me, that is compassion!

Teresita
Grasshopper
Posts: 2
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Teresita
Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 12, 2012, 08:43
Quote

I just realized my above post referred only to the violence reference part of the discussion, but I did want to add a bit on my response to the real subject of the post- that most Buddhists in the world don't meditate. I was not raised in the Buddhist tradition but searched for knowledge concerning religion and philosophy since the seventies.
I have found great love for the teachings of Buddha in that they have helped me understand and live peacefully in this world, as well as understanding compassion. I have rarely sat in "traditional meditation" but feel I spend a great deal of time in contemplation in many different settings. To me my contemplations, whether driving, or walking, sitting, or writing, are a form of meditation. I also believe there is no "correct" way of meditation, so if it is working then that is what matters.

Candol
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 717
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: May 12, 2012, 19:25
Quote

Thanks for sharing the idea of tuning in to the other persons feelings rather than focussing on our own. I think that's a very helpful idea.

NaturalEnt-
rust
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 275
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: September 4, 2012, 03:27
Quote

Is not all this related to the difference between
cultural Buddhism and "pure" western original Buddhism?

The religious Buddhism that is the cultural identity
is more like a tradition where you are a lay person
and the Monks do the meditation. You give them food.

But you maybe send your son to learn to be a grown up
man under the super vision of the Monks but then when
the son get back and go study to be a Doctor or something
then he don't meditate because he is not a Monk anymore?

Maybe at very old age when he have to deal with his own death?

Western Buddhists are interested in the real pure Buddhism
and not the cultural regional folkish variety of Buddhism?

Just my wild guess

NaturalEnt-
rust
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 275
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: September 4, 2012, 03:30
Quote

Candol do you remember if it where
Owen Flanagan that in that podcast
revealed that he did not meditate
he himself? Or where do I get this
strong inner conviction that I have
read here on SBA that somebody writing
very positively about Mindfulness
did not practice it only related
on a theoretical level with it as an idea?

Candol
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 717
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: September 5, 2012, 19:41
Quote

I don't think i said anything about own flanagan himself meditating or not. He did talk about tibetan buddhist monks not meditating on his podcast. But Owen Flanagan is not a buddhist and he probably doesn't meditate very much if at all - but that's a guess. Whereas i Susan blackmore is not a buddhist either but she does meditate i believe.

Yeah i think lots of us don't practice as much we would like and some may think it not necessary to practice it when they undestand the theory even if they like it. I think some people do not think it necessary to practice meditation but do try to practice mindfulness as they go about their day.

Is that what you are asking?

RE the first post. Yes i think its a big cultural and historical thing that explains why lay people in other cultures don't meditate whilst calling themselves buddhist. I think they've been taught to put the emphasis on living ethically.

NaturalEnt-
rust
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 275
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: September 6, 2012, 00:54
Quote

Thanks. I did not give precise info
so my question may have misled you.

My memory is too vague but here goes.

I am fairly sure this guys do fMRI
on meditatiors. And maybe have been
on a Podcast or on a Conference reported
on SBA and he is rather or very famous.

Hal Putof or Russell Targ or Dean Radin
or Richard Davidson or Andrew Newberg.

And he revealed somewhere maybe outside
of SBA could be in an interview in TriCycle?
or some other Buddhist Mag or on Huffington Post?

He revealed that he had tried either Mindfulness
or Metta and totally failed due to him could not
concentrate.

Dana or Linda or you Candol told me that it is
a deep misunderstanding that one have to be able
to concentrate. What is required is persistence
at being able to continue to go back to being
mindful? Or go back to listen to breath and then
be mindful?

I forget things too fast sorry.

I did find it kind of cute that this guy
despite him being that well instructed
being friend of Jon Kabat Zinn and all
those highly trained Monks that he meet
during the fMRI sessions could have that
deep misunderstanding for so long and
that nobody cared to tell him what you
guys told me here?

Despite all of them he tested where into
mindfulness and doing Metta none of them
cared enough about him to help him come
out of that misunderstanding?

is that not very odd? The interviewer should
have known Buddhism well enough to tell him
in the interview too and the readers should
have cared to tell him?

I come back to my curiousness. Why where none
of them curious enough to help him out?

Yeah I know he did not ask them and they did
not know. They thought he where good at it?
Or that it where none of their biz to relate to him?

I must be very different. I care about him despite
me being so remote and not knowing almost anything
about Buddhism at all.

Them having meditated for so long. 10 years or more?
They should have a lot of Metta for him? Should they not?

mufi
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 463
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Post Re: Lewis Richmond: "Most Buddhists in the World Dont Meditate"
on: September 6, 2012, 10:24
Quote

Candol: But Owen Flanagan is not a buddhist and he probably doesn't meditate very much if at all - but that's a guess.

It's a good guess. I don't know the answer, either.

But, for whatever it's worth, I actually came away from Flanagan's books with a strengthened interest in meditation - i.e. even though he "presents a more conservative viewpoint of current scientific research and cautions readers against the seemingly exciting results of recent studies."*

In other words, I perceived even his "conservative viewpoint" on Buddhist-based meditation as being net-positive - as was the case in general for his "naturalized" Buddhism - i.e. the content that was left over after Flanagan applied his sharp analytic & naturalistic knife to the Buddhist wisdom tradition.

Still, like him (and like Blackmore), I don't go around telling people that I'm a Buddhist. That's too narrow of a commitment for me - unless, perhaps I add "Buddhist" to a long list of hyphenated labels, and that's just tiresome.

* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_activity_and_meditation

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