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Author Topic: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
Dana-
Nourie
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Dana Nourie
Post Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 13, 2012, 19:48
Quote

This neuroscientist researcher spoke at the Buddhist Geeks conference, and I just found this video of her talking about the negative effects of the contemplative path and meditation.

I find this video fascinating. I have for a long time wondered if the type of meditation and mind investigation we do can sometimes have adverse affects, and oh yes it can.

Do watch:

I'm not surprised some people react badly, increase mental health illness, and scare the hell out of themselves.

Dana Nourie
All Around Geek Girl

Candol
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 717
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 13, 2012, 21:53
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I thought that was part of the territory of jhana practice more than straight mindfulness practice. (Writing this while the link is warming up.) Jack Kornfield writes plenty about the difficulties that can arise.

Candol
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 13, 2012, 21:54
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Basically the link doesn't seem to be working at all Dana.

NaturalEnt-
rust
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 275
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 13, 2012, 23:42
Quote

If there had been a name on the speaker one could have googled for the link.
Is it maybe Willoughby Britton or whom are referred to?

NaturalEnt-
rust
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 275
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 14, 2012, 13:37
Quote

Dana I try to give a indicrect the link so we can manually get it to work

Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
byt Willoughby Britton. Contemplative Studies Research Lab Presentations, Spring 2010 but difficult to link to
It is on Vimeo but on the Brown Uni site.

http://www.brown.edu/Faculty/Contemplative_Studies_Initiative/research.html

the first that comes up there
In that talk she mention this author
How would we know if psychotherapy were harmful?
Dimidjian, Sona; Hollon, Steven D.
American Psychologist, Vol 65(1), Jan 2010, 21-33.
she found that text to be vital for her audience.

And she did mention something interesting.
People who had adverse effects due to meditation
have gone online and tried to form groups making
this known and maybe to help each other.
Would be good to have links to these too.

http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/amp/65/1/21/

Here is also related ones on youtube
oops one need to copy and paste

http://www.

youtube.com/watch?
v=OhULuSiiWYw

Contemplative Neuroscience at Brown
Part 1 of 7 such clips.
Here is her TED talk on why one do neuro science
on meditation?
only 16 minutes. Maybe not related
to the Adverse effects though?

http://www.

youtube.com/watch?
?v=TR8TjCncvIw

NaturalEnt-
rust
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 275
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 14, 2012, 15:37
Quote

Here is another important Vimeo video
from same or similar presentation
at Brown Uni. 2010.

Britton introduce this guy
Chris Oates – Adverse Effects of Meditation
http://vimeo.com/28170574
I have listen to her linked above but
she talked too fast for my poor brain.

Candol
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 717
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 14, 2012, 15:41
Quote

Thanks eric for finding that. Actually it solves another issue i had which was where to go to listen to all those talks at the contemplative studies symposium. And its nice to have them as a video i think.

Dana, i think one of the very first things i knew about meditation was that it wasn't for everyone - that for some people it can trigger psychotic episodes. But that was years ago. Recently i read Jack Kornfields book A Path With Heart and he has an excellent chapter or two on this sort of thing.

Between them it highlights the necessity of doing a good amount of intensive meditation before getting involved in teaching retreats. At least then you'll have understood at least some of the weird things that can occur. As she mentioned though, it seems adverse affects are more common in concentration meditation and this is not at all surprising to me.

It also explains why at goenka's retreats he deters people from doing jhana. Of course if someone is particularly prone to developing an adverse affect its going to be quite hard to pick it in advance. And its also why people going on retreat should be asked about their psychiatric history.

Anyway thanks for bringing this to our attention.

Dana-
Nourie
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Dana Nourie
Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 14, 2012, 17:54
Quote

I apologize to those of you who couldn't view the video. I'm glad someone found a way to post the link in a better way. The whole video shows up for me. Not sure why.

I agree, Candol. All teachers I've had warned to go into meditation slowly and to work with a teacher. At first I thought they were saying that so they'd have students, but over time, the more deeply I dug into my ouw mental space, I realized how difficult this could be for some. My mom is mentally ill and it absolutely scared her, and she'd just zone out.

For myself I still don't like it. However, I have found so much value in it that I still do it, although I meditate less than I used to. But I really have to force myself. I still have strong attachment to information in and information out. Boredom tortures me, and I still haven't been able to get under it, except for one time on my jhana retreat to let it go!

When people say they fail at meditation, I can't help thinking maybe they experience what I go through each time, constant noise up there, intense boredom, but that is what I'm mindful of, that is the state of this busy brain. Some days it's more quiet. On rare occasion I get some space between thoughts, and then I get even more bored, lol.

Dana Nourie
All Around Geek Girl

Dana-
Nourie
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Dana Nourie
Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 14, 2012, 18:31
Quote

Eric, thank you so much for posting those links. Yes, is a talk by Britton that I was posting, and she has links on her site to some other videos with other scientists as well.

Dana Nourie
All Around Geek Girl

NaturalEnt-
rust
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 275
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 15, 2012, 02:07
Quote

Just my wild idea.
What if the failure
sometimes is the body
protecting me from
forcing it to do
something that is not healthy?

And those that go to a retreat
and end up harmed did not listen
to the body and trusting the
luring advertising that meditation
do good things for your health.

Sometimes TV shows has a warning
Don't do this at home and then
they show people who barely survive
and all the young boys rush out to
do the life dangerous stunts. :)

Mark-
Knickelbin-
e
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 15, 2012, 09:56
Quote

Wow, thanks for sharing this link. I had seen some of these findings reported elsewhere, but not in the context of what kind of meditation or how long. It seems like this is most common in longer retreats that focus on concentration practices. It doesn't surprise me that someone observing the evanescence of the self all day for days, weeks or months on end might develop dissociative issues, especially if they have had to deal with such issues in the past. I hope future research will look at issues like a comparison with mindfulness, vipassana and Zen retreats, how social interactions at retreats (or lack of them) might contribute, student expectations, etc. It is my uninformed guess that if there are more opportunities to interact with teachers and fellow students as opposed to uninterrupted silent introspection, you might see less of this. Also, if a practice specifically aims at the dissolution of the self (note Allan Wallace's quote in the video)we shouldn't be surprised when it happens, or that it may not go well. Maybe this is what comes of searching for "substrate consciousness."

NaturalEnt-
rust
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 275
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 15, 2012, 12:30
Quote

Now I can not be sure because
they talk too fast for me to grasp.

W.Britton and C.Oates in one of the
Vimeo videos from 2010 on adverse
effects in the end when the public
asked questions as I remember both
Oates and Britton confirmed my take
that Buddhist words are not used as
they usually are.

Fear and Terror where not emotions
but misunderstanding of impermanent
effect of the meditation.

My poor memory may have misrepresented
what they actually said. Acoustic not
perfect and I am not used to the accent
either.

I just wild guess. What if the body
is so aware that it realize that to
do Buddhist meditation would be harmful
and thus my body resist doing it and
that manifest itself as me not getting
how one do Metta. I only sense a small
or vague or faint or ??? sense of that
there is some inconsistency in the logic
of what the purpose of doing Metta is.

I trust all of us are different. Maybe
I only get motivated to do things
if I get what it is for and how it works?

Take the neighbor that I feel irritated
with or how to say it. What is suppose
to be the mechanism or the explanation
for the process of including that neighbor
in a loving kindness?

When I failed to reach the former workmate
that has shown interest in Buddhist meditation
based on what she had heard at courses at work
I came to think about a Secular Humanist I
knew well enough to make a phone call to.

She is skeptical of woo about alternative
medicine and she is a secular naturalist etc.

I retold my story of reading about including
someone that one feel irritated on to embrace
them with Metta.

She where very skeptical of such behavior.
And she is very political correct and want
everybody to be treated in a fair equal way
so I had expected her to be more positive.

Could this be a thing for our Swedish
culture then? Maybe we are skeptical
to things that is presented in an
enthusiastic way.

I know it is prejudice but American
do come through as more accepting
of enthusiastic presentations?

Cheer leading of sports and so on.

Could it be some kind of "nosebo effect"

Being skeptical to American culture
kind of bias us against adopting or
accepting it willingly? A kind of
backlash? "They are trying to sell
as some crap, don't buy it. "
That kind of nosebo reaction.
And opposite to a placebo effect.

mikec
Warming up
Posts: 32
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 15, 2012, 19:24
Quote

These adverse effects and difficult stages are called the dukkha nanas in the Theravada tradition, such as Knowledge of Fear, Knowledge of Disgust, Knowledge of Desire for Deliverance, ect. The woman who's giving this talk was on a great Buddhist Geeks podcast. That's how she discovered Daniel Ingram. He's one of the few people that address this issue. It happens during Insight practice, not fixed concentration practice, at least in canonical terms anyway. People can get stuck in them for years. They're called Dark Night yogis.

I doubt any one with severe mental health issues gets far along enough on the path to experience these stages. They can be, and are, experienced by relatively balanced folks

Dana-
Nourie
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Dana Nourie
Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 15, 2012, 22:08
Quote

I wonder, Mike, if there really is such a thing as Dark Night, or if people are suffering mental breakdown from these deep meditation practices. Myth always surrounds this kind of stuff, and then there is always a bit of truth. I'm glad the scientists are getting in on this so we can get some good studies on what is really happening.

Dana Nourie
All Around Geek Girl

Candol
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 717
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 16, 2012, 03:22
Quote

http://www.buddhanet.net/knowledg.htm

This seems to be a good explanation of the nanas. I hadn't heard of them as such before hearing daniel ingram mention the dark night cause Jack Kornfield doesn't give them a name. He just talks about people having experiences of fear or other sorts of mental disturbance which i was persuaded he was on to it enough to be able to distinguish from someone's mental health problem versus a problem arising out of meditation per se.

Anyway until i get deeper into meditation I haven't a clue myself.

mikec
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Posts: 32
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 16, 2012, 19:27
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I wonder, Mike, if there really is such a thing as Dark Night, or if people are suffering mental breakdown from these deep meditation practices. Myth always surrounds this kind of stuff, and then there is always a bit of truth. I'm glad the scientists are getting in on this so we can get some good studies on what is really happening.

Yes, I agree. I've probably said this a million times, but I think this is going to be a very exciting century. Neuro feedback will be putting some serious horse power into people's practice. They'll be able to see the imaging and when a spot lights up blue, the right pathways are being forged, the right chemicals are releasing and the default mode network, i.e. some serious SELFING will be going down. If it lights up red: more work, "lets try this" type of approach, "get her back to blue"

Yes, I'm aware this sounds bloodless but these ancient teachings are a gift and they must reach more people on real terms.

I think the Dark Night could be real but it's hard finding any intelligible critical analysis of it because you run into the default shrug of "Hey, self reporting, what can I tell ya?" It sounds probable that one could meditate so intently as to go a little clown-car crazy at some point without it being "part of the path, man."

Catch me in a mood and all this stuff sounds suspect. The Hardcore dharma scene appears like a group of gamer-type people who like the "The Matrix" and think of enlightenment as having taken the blue pill, or the red, which ever one wakes them up to the real "reality." They describe passage from one stage to another as though they were talking about levels in a computer game. "Oh you want third Path? Well, what you need to do is gain Stream Entry, shed five fetters, cycle through second path, shoot the alien that comes out of the space ship on the left side of the screen and boom...you're an aragami!"

On the other hand, my experience is that these are incredibly intelligent and compassionate people who stress trying for one's self and I've personally experienced enough to be convinced that something special happens with dedication to investigating one's sensate reality, i.e. Three Characteristics and developing concentration. And if I do Insight practice and I hit the Dark Night, I know I'll be like "Damn, I wish I was wrong." That's why for now it's samatha all the way baby!

mikec
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 16, 2012, 19:33
Quote

Thanks for the link Candol, that's a good concise framework they put it in. Maybe all those monks were the gamers of their day, who knows. Either way, beats the hell the out of the ten commandments any day.

Candol
Noone Going Nowhere
Posts: 717
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 17, 2012, 05:35
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Mike, i am not sure that daniel is on a wrong track. You see i think he may be taking last traces of mysticism out of the enlightenment and meditation process. I mean he and they have analysed it so well that they can tell people how to do it in very ordinary non-religiuos terms. Sure its not going to be quite so special anymore , maybe, but its still pretty interesting and maybe i'm interested even more if i believe its possible to experience such things. Then i can really see for msyelf whether i think the biggest claims of the buddha have any basis, according to my own assessment.

But that's not to say i'd be right when i interpret what i experience as being really what reality is. Cause i'm still not sure about that. I could be misinterpreting my experience. I mean what feels real might not be real, just as happens with people in psychosis.

And for my part, i'm also hoping that i can skip the dark night. I mean i've done therapy so i've already worked through a lot of stuff so i'm hoping that if anything weird starts happening to my emotional state, that i could dismiss it more easily. Well that's what i'd like to think might happen anyway. I mean when i was in therapy, there was a point when i thought i might go mad but of course i didn't. IT is just the intensity of the experience and it can affect ones mental state somewhat too.

Tom Alan
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Post Re: Adverse Effects and Difficult Stages of the Contemplative Path
on: August 18, 2012, 09:45
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My experience with traditional Buddhists has been that they discourage the mentally ill from engaging in intensive meditation. Interviews prior to retreats are arranged so as to exclude people suffering from certain problems, and schizophrenia would be at the top of the list.

There is a small faction that advocates meditation as important for schizophrenics. These people tend to be hostile toward psychiatry and medical science itself. They are partial to mysticism, and may regard auditory hallucinations as “spirit guides.” Grof, who has written that psychotic reactions may be "spiritual emergences," is an influence. Resistance to medication is understandable, in part because the drugs, though effective, have unpleasant side effects.

There is little if any evidence that meditation helps schizophrenics. Schizophrenia.com, which maintains an extensive list of possible treatments, has not put meditation on its list.

A general review of meditation studies was published in 2006. This excerpt summarizes traditional knowledge of adverse effects.

Not surprisingly, given thousands of years of meditation practice, there are accounts of adverse effects associated with mindfulness practice in historical writings. Such writings recognize that adverse events may be provoked by excessively intensive meditation, particularly without proper or adequate preparation. Symptoms cited include quickened pulse, pain around the heart and back, and a general feeling of nervousness, restlessness, and irritability, visions, ringing in the ears, seemingly "out-of-body" experiences, and/or insomnia. Also observed in association with meditation retreats may be the emergence of deep-seated feelings that may be painful to confront. Treatment for such problems that is traditionally recommended might include rest and quiet, a break from meditation practice, walks and specific dietary advice.

- “Mindfulness-based psychotherapies: a review of conceptual foundations, empirical evidence and practical considerations.” Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 40:4, 285–294.

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